過去將來時(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識

一般過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某一時(shí)間來看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。 一般過去將來時(shí)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是過去，即從過去某一時(shí)刻看以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

一般過去將來時(shí)的構(gòu)成

一般過去將來時(shí)是由“should/would + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成的。

He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.

昨天他問我什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身去巴黎。

They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.

他們想知道怎樣才能早一點(diǎn)兒完成家庭作業(yè)。

過去將來時(shí)的用法

一般過去將來時(shí)間的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是過去，即從過去某一時(shí)刻看以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。

a. 一般過去將來時(shí)常用于間接引語中

He said they would arrange a party.

他說他們將安排一個(gè)晚會。

I asked if he would come and fix my TV set.

我問他是否來幫我修電視機(jī)。

b. 一般過去將來時(shí)可用來表示非真實(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Cambridge University.

如果我有機(jī)會出國學(xué)習(xí)的話，我就會去劍橋大學(xué)。

I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight.

今晚他能和我一起去看電影就好了。

過去將來時(shí)間其他表達(dá)法

a. was/were going to +動(dòng)詞原形

He said that he was going to live in the country when he retired.

他說他退休后要住在農(nóng)村。

They thought it was going to rain.

他們認(rèn)為天要下雨了。

b. was/were +動(dòng)詞的-ing形式

Nobody knew whether the guests were coming.

沒人知道客人們是否要來。

I was told that the train was leaving in a few minutes.

我被告知火車幾分鐘后就要開了。

c. was/were +動(dòng)詞不定式

She said she was to clean the classroom after school.

她說她放學(xué)后要打掃教室。

It was reported that another bridge was to be built across the Yangtse River.

據(jù)報(bào)道長江上將要再建一座大橋。

提示：

“was/were going to +動(dòng)詞原形”或“was/were + 動(dòng)詞不定式完成式”可表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的過去將來時(shí)間的動(dòng)作。

Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained.

上星期天我們本想去游覽長城的，但卻下雨了。(沒有去成)

I was to have helped with the performance, but I got flu the day before.

我是打算幫忙演出的，但前天我感冒了。(沒有幫上忙)

d. was/were about to do

“was/were about to do”表示說話的瞬間就會發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

I felt something terrible was about to happen.

我覺得有可怕的事要發(fā)生了。

e. was/were on the point of doing

I'm glad you have come. I was on the point of calling you, but you've saved me the trouble now. 很高興你來了。我正準(zhǔn)備給你打電話，現(xiàn)在你省去我這個(gè)麻煩了。

提示：

“be about to do”和“be on the point of doing”結(jié)構(gòu)一般不與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，但后面可以接when引導(dǎo)的分句。

I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain.

我正要?jiǎng)由硖焱蝗幌掠炅恕?/p>

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